According to Prof Bowley averages are statistical constants which provide an idea about the concentration of values in the central part of the distribution. The five common measures of central tendency are : 1. Mean [Airthmetic mean] 2. Median 3. Mode 4. harmonic mean 5. Geometric mean According to Prof. Yule following are the characterstics required to measure central tendency: 1. Central tendency should be rigidly defined 2. It should be comprehensive and easy to determine 3. Should be based on all observations 4. It should not be much affected by the fluctuation of sampling 5. It should not be affected by extreme values Let us talk about these distributions in detail: 1. Arithmetic mean: Arithmetic mean of a set of observations can be calculated as their sum divided by the number of observations In case f i is the frequency of variable x i then distribution becomes ' Properties of Arithmetic Mean 1. Algebric sum of deviations of a set of v
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