Electronic Data Interchange

EDI - the inter-organization exchange of well-defined business transactions in standardized electronic form directly between computer applications. Focused on Business-To-Business community. Also, EDI can be stated as collection of standard message formats to exchange data between organizations computers via any electronic service.

Domains EDI covers: traditional business facets: inquires, planning, purchasing, acknowledgments, pricing, order status, scheduling, test results, shipping and receiving, invoices, payments, and financial and business reporting. Additional standards: interchange of data relating to security, administrative data, trading partner information, specifications, contracts, distribution..

EDI History

Electronic transmission started during 1960s.
Initially main focus was for road and rail transport industries.
In 1968, the United States Transportation Data Coordinating Committee (TDCC) was formed. This committee coordinated the development of translation rules among existing four sets of industry-specific standards.
Later, the X12 standards of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) gradually extended and replaced industry-specific standards created by the TDCC.
U.K. Department of Customers and Excise also came up with standards for documents that need to be used in international trade. These were futher extended by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) as GTDI (General-purpose Trade Data Interchange)
A United Nations Joint European and North American working party (UN-JEDI) addressed the harmonization between the two sets of standardized documents. They developed EDI and came up EIFACT, a document translation standards for administration, Commerce, and Transport. Today, EDI messages are coded in a standard data format based on X12 and EDIFACT specifications.

As we speak,

EDI technology has matured.
EDI has been growing in the past, although the penetration is still low.
In spite of its moderate success, EDI has failed to gain total acceptance and become ubiquitous in industry.
Although EDI technology works well, until now this technology has been expensive to implement.

Advantages and Disadvantages of EIS Advantages of EIS Easy for upper-level executives to use, extensive computer experience is not required in operations Provides timely delivery of company summary information Information that is provided is better understood Filters data for management Improves to tracking information Offers efficiency to decision makers Disadvantages of EIS System dependent Limited functionality, by design Information overload for some managers Benefits hard to quantify High implementation costs System may become slow, large, and hard to manage Need good internal processes for data management May lead to less reliable and less secure data

Inter-Organizational Value Chain

The value chain of a company is part of over all value chain. The over all competitive advantage of an organization is not just dependent on the quality and efficiency of the company and quality of products but also upon the that of its suppliers and wholesalers and retailers it may use. The analysis of overall supply chain is called the value system. Different parts of the value chain 1. Supplier 2. Firm 3. Channel 4 . Buyer

CONCEPTUAL VIEW OF MIS

The concept is a blend of principles, theories and practices of management, information and system giving rise to a single product called MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM . The concept of management gives high regard to the individual and his ability to use the information. MIS gives information through data analysis. While analyzing the information, it relies on many academic disciplines like management science, OR, organization behavior, psychology, etc. The foundation of MIS is the principles of management and its practices. MIS uses the concept of management control in its design and relies heavily on the fact that the decision maker is a human being and is a human processor of information. A MIS can be evolved for a specific objective it is evolved after systematic planning and design. It calls for an analysis of business, management views and policies, organization culture and the management style. The MIS,therefore relies heavily on systems theory.The systems theory offers soluti

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