There are various internet protocols such as HTTP,
E-Mail, FTP, Telnet and SSL
1. HTTP- it
is the Internet protocol used to transfer web pages. HTTP was developed by
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
HTTP runs in the application layer of TCP/IP model.
An
HTTP session begins when the client browser requests a web page from a remote
internet server, when the server responds with the client’s requested page, the
HTTP session for that object ends. Since a web page contains many
objects such as graphics, sounds, videos, frames. Each of them must be
requested by a separate HTTP message.
2. E- Mail- it
is one of the oldest, most important and frequently used internet services. Like
HTTP, the various internet protocols used to handle e-mail all run in the application
layer of the TCP/IP. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the Internet Protocol
used to send e-mail to the server. SMTP is relatively simple, text based
protocol that was developed in early 1980s. SMTP handles only the sending of
e-mails. Post office protocol is used by the client to retrieve the message
from the server. Mail settings for these protocols can be handled by your
browser. Internet Message Access Protocol is supported by almost all the
browsers and is used to search, organise and filter their mails.
3. FTP- is
one of the original Internet services. FTP runs in TCP/IP’s Application layer
and permits users to transfer files from a server to their client computer, and
vice versa. The files can be programs, documents or large database files. FTP
is the fastest and most convenient way to transfer files larger than 1 megabyte,
which some e-mail servers will not accept.
4. Telnet-
is a network protocol that also runs in TCP/IP’s Application layer and is used
to remote login on another computer. The term Telnet also refers to the Telnet
program which provides the client part of the protocol and enables the client
to emulate a mainframe computer terminal. Telnet was the first “remote work” program
that permitted users to work on computer from a remote location.
5. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)-
is a protocol that operates between the transport and application layers of the
TCP/IP and secures communications between the client and the server. SSL helps
secure e-commerce communications and payments through a variety of techniques
such as message encryption and digital signatures.
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