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Fundamental of Web Services

FUNDAMENTAL OF WEB SERVICES
WEB SERVICES:-
A Web service is a method of interaction between two devices over the WWW. It is a software tool provided on internet which helps us to create client-server service.
It is a software system designed to support interoperability with various machine interaction over a network. The web service replies in a language called WSDL (Web Service Description Language).   
Some of its features are:-
  • They are application components
  • They  communicate with open protocols
  • They  are  self-describing
  • It can be used by various applications
  • The basis for web services are HTTP and XML
Working of web services
  • The client sends a request to the server
  •  The Request is  encoded in XML format
  •  The Function (GET, POST…)is inserted in the file
  •  The server receives and decodes the file
  •  The received function is executed
  •  A new XML file is encoded and is sent back to the client.
WSDL
WSDL is an acronym for Web Services Description Language. It is a language used for describing web services, how to access them and locate them. It is usually written in XML.
  • It is used to describe Web services
  • It also locates Web services


UDDI
UDDI is an acronym for Universal Description, Discovery and Integration. It is a directory service where businesses can register and search for Web services. It is a platform-independent framework for describing services, discovering businesses, and integrating business services by using the Internet.
  • It is a directory of web service interfaces described by WSDL
  • It communicates via SOAP
  • It is built into the Microsoft .NET platform

TYPES OF WEB SERVICES
-         Application Programming Interfaces  (API)
-          Request services
-          REST architecture
-          SOA architecture
-         SOAP architecture
-          World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

API
An application programming interface (API) defines how software elements should communicate with each other.
It is used to ease the work of programming graphical user interface (GUI) components. An API is based on source code instead of binary interface. It can take many forms, including an International Standard such as POSIX, vendor documentation such as the Microsoft Windows API, e.g., Standard template library in java API or C++. It is different from an Application Binary Interface (ABI). In an API, it is based on the source code while an ABI is a binary interface. For e.g., POSIX is an API, while the Linux Standard Base is an ABI.

REST ARCHITECTURE
REST is an acronym for Representational state transfer. It is an architectural format consisting of a coordinated set of constraints which is applied on components, connectors, and data elements, within a distributed hyper media system. The term REST was introduced and defined in 2000 by Roy Fielding.
It is  applied to describe the desired web architecture, for  identifying existing problems, to compare alternative solutions, and it also ensure that protocol extensions would not violate the core constraints that make the Web successful. This format is also applied to the development of Web services.
The properties of the REST are as follow:
·         Performance
·         Component interactions Scalability
·         Simplicity of interfaces
·         Visibility of communication
·         portability 
·         deployment
·         Reliability

SOAP ARCHITECTURE
SOAP is an acronym for Simple Object Access Protocol. It is a protocol for accessing web services. It is based on XML.
  • It is a communication protocol
  • This protocol is for communication between applications
  • It is a format for sending messages
  • It communicates via Internet
  • It  is also platform independent and language independent
  • It is simple and extensible
It provides a better way of communication between applications running on different operating system with different technologies and programming languages over HTTP, because HTTP is supported by all internet browsers and servers.



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