Skip to main content

Questions based on dynamic programming

Q.1 The owner of a chain of four grocery stores has purchased six crates of fresh strawberries.The estimated probability distribution of potential sales of the strawberries before spoilage differ among the four stores.The following table gives the estimated total expected profit at each store, when it is allocated various numbers of crates:

                                                                    Store


                                                                 1          2          3            4
                                              ______________________________________
                                      0                         0          0          0            0

                                      1                         4          2          6            2
Number
                                      2                         6          4          8            3
of
                                      3                         7          6          8            4
boxes
                                      4                         7          8          8            4

                                      5                         7          9          8            4

                                      6                         7         10         8            4


     For administrative reasons,the owner does not wish to split crates between stores.However, he is willing to distribute zero crates to any of his stores.
Find the allocation of six crates to four stores so as to maximize the expected profit.

Q.2 A company has decided to introduce a product in three phases. Phase 1 will feature making a special offer at a greatly reduced rate to attract the first-time buyers. Phase 2 will involve intensive advertising to persuade the buyers to continue purchasing at a regular price. Phase 3 will involve a follow up advertising and promotional campaign.
A total of Rs. 5 million has been budgeted for this marketing campaign. If m is the market share captured in phase 1, fraction f2   of m is retained in phase 2, and fraction  f3  of market share in phase 2 is retained in phase 3. The expected values of m, f2  and  f at different levels of money expended are given below. How should the money be allocated to the three phases to maximize the final share?

                Money spent                                   m per cent                Effect on market share
             (millions of Rs.)                                                                     f2                      f3                        
  __________________________________________________________________________________
                              0                                                                        0                                   0.30                            0.50

                              1                                                                       10                                  0.50                            0.70

                              2                                                                       15                                  0.70                            0.85

                              3                                                                       22                                  0.80                            0.90

                              4                                                                       27                                  0.85                            0.93

                              5                                                                       30                                  0.90                            0.95



 Q.3 A vessel is to be loaded with stocks of 3 items.Each unit of item i has a weight wi and value ri.  The maximum cargo weight the vessel can take is 5 and the details of the three items are as follows :

                                     i                                          wi                                      ri

                                                     1                                                       1                                                      30
                                                     2                                                       3                                                      80
                                                     3                                                       2                                                       65


Develop the recursive equation for the above case and find the most valuable cargo load without exceeding the maximum cargo weight by using dynamic programming.



Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Advantages and Disadvantages of EIS Advantages of EIS Easy for upper-level executives to use, extensive computer experience is not required in operations Provides timely delivery of company summary information Information that is provided is better understood Filters data for management Improves to tracking information Offers efficiency to decision makers Disadvantages of EIS System dependent Limited functionality, by design Information overload for some managers Benefits hard to quantify High implementation costs System may become slow, large, and hard to manage Need good internal processes for data management May lead to less reliable and less secure data

Inter-Organizational Value Chain

The value chain of   a company is part of over all value chain. The over all competitive advantage of an organization is not just dependent on the quality and efficiency of the company and quality of products but also upon the that of its suppliers and wholesalers and retailers it may use. The analysis of overall supply chain is called the value system. Different parts of the value chain 1.  Supplier     2.  Firm       3.   Channel 4 .   Buyer

Big-M Method and Two-Phase Method

Big-M Method The Big-M method of handling instances with artificial  variables is the “commonsense approach”. Essentially, the notion is to make the artificial variables, through their coefficients in the objective function, so costly or unprofitable that any feasible solution to the real problem would be preferred, unless the original instance possessed no feasible solutions at all. But this means that we need to assign, in the objective function, coefficients to the artificial variables that are either very small (maximization problem) or very large (minimization problem); whatever this value,let us call it Big M . In fact, this notion is an old trick in optimization in general; we  simply associate a penalty value with variables that we do not want to be part of an ultimate solution(unless such an outcome is unavoidable). Indeed, the penalty is so costly that unless any of the  respective variables' inclusion is warranted algorithmically, such variables will never be p